Ornithological center
Location
The selected location for the project is situated at the confluence in Belgrade. The facility is positioned on the Danube's shore, directly across from Little War Island. The location boasts highly attractive views, with Kalemegdan Fortress to the east, Great and Little War Islands to the north, Ušće, and the rest of New Belgrade to the south and west. Furthermore, the significant potential of the location is highlighted by its proximity to Great War Island, a natural reserve with around 200 bird species, as well as Zemun Quay, one of the most important promenades in Belgrade. Thus, the facility effectively serves as a connection between these two prominent areas.
Concept
Concept Following research within the framework of the master's thesis, similarities were noted between the concept of an enclave and the contemporary concept of a zoo, with an emphasis on spaces designed for animals that represent their microcosms in some way (differing in character). However, looking at examples from modern architectural practice, it was observed that today's projects are more commonly specialized for a specific type of animal (Elephant House - Norman Foster, Panda House - BIG...). Based on this, the project's concept is directed towards the typology of a structure specialized for a certain type of animal, as Great War Island serves as a natural habitat for a wide variety of bird species, thus acquiring the purpose of an ornithological center.
The form of the structure represents a continuous broken path that connects Zemun Quay with Little and Great War Islands. It "breaks" horizontally and vertically, while the accompanying facilities are situated on its sides. Moreover, the project's significance lies in its two vertical elements (higher one – alongside the structure, and lower one – on Little War Island). They somewhat mimic typical wooden bird observation towers but also constitute an integral part of the structure both physically and conceptually. These broken paths, as well as the mentioned vertical elements, contribute to utilizing the attractive views of the location, ensuring that the serene nature remains undisturbed. Given that Great and Little War Islands represent protected habitats, the connection of the structure relies on temporary pontoon structures across the river.
Program
The ornithological center consists of two spatial-programmatic units - the visitor part and the ornithologist part. The main entrance is from the side of Zemun Quay and is intended for all bird enthusiasts. This part of the facility is predominantly public in nature and includes amenities like a restaurant with panoramic views (together with observation decks on the shore), gift shop, exhibition space, and a library. The second part of the facility has a more private character, as it is designated for individuals professionally engaged in studying and observing birds. It comprises a laboratory, lecture hall, and accommodation units for the temporary stay of ornithologists. The contents are organized on different levels; spaces that don't require natural light are positioned on the ground floor, while other facilities are elevated from the ground to make the best use of the location's potential.
Construction and Materialization
The structure of the facility is predominantly elevated from the ground at various heights. The construction involves wooden beams and columns. The roof of the structure is partially flat in some areas, while in others, it consists of sloped and broken planes. To create an impression of openness, the façade is mainly composed of glass curtain walls, with certain sections featuring finishing touches using wooden planks. Additionally, a part of the structure includes a temporary pontoon bridge, attached to the facility through a pivot connection.
